Posts in Internal Medicine

Neon infographic illustrating ApoB as the total count of five atherogenic particle types, contrasted with LDL-C which measures cholesterol in LDL only.

The Passenger vs. The Boat: Why ApoB Is the Superior Heart Health Metric

Imagine your bloodstream is a river and cholesterol is the cargo being transported. In this analogy, LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) represents the passengers, while Apolipoprotein B[…]

A watercolor and ink medical illustration showing an axial cross-section of a human heart with various anatomical structures like the ventricles, atria, and major vessels labeled with text.

The Tie-Breaker Test: How a Coronary Artery Calcium Score Clarifies Your Heart Health

Traditional cardiovascular risk assessments often rely on statistical probabilities derived from factors like age, cholesterol levels, and blood pressure. While useful, these calculators provide a[…]

A stylized illustration of a human heart with a glowing battery and lightning bolt symbol superimposed on it, surrounded by mitochondrial shapes.

Powering the Engine: Coenzyme Q10, Statins, and Your Heart

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a fat-soluble compound that acts as the essential “spark plug” for cellular energy production. It resides within the mitochondria—the microscopic power[…]

Bowl of mixed lentils, fresh spinach, and a carton of brown eggs with one cracked egg on a wooden table.

Beyond Cholesterol: The Hidden Risk of High Homocysteine

While cholesterol often dominates the conversation surrounding cardiovascular health, a lesser-known amino acid called homocysteine plays a critical role in the complex biology of heart[…]

A close-up photograph of a medical clipboard containing a cardiac risk assessment form. The item "Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]" is prominently circled in red with a checkmark in the box next to it. A stethoscope is visible in the background.

The “Triple Threat” Cholesterol You Might Be Missing

February is Heart Month, the perfect time to look beyond the basics of cardiovascular health. While many of us are familiar with LDL (“bad”) and[…]

Medical diagram showing a cross-section of the stomach and esophagus, highlighting the location of the Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) valve.

Rethinking Heartburn: Why Low Stomach Acid Could Be the Culprit

While acid reflux is commonly blamed on an excess of stomach acid, a growing body of research suggests that for many sufferers, the root cause[…]

Split comparison showing a healthy liver with whole foods and exercise versus a fatty liver with junk food and a sedentary lifestyle.

The Shift to MASLD: A New Name for a Global Epidemic

The condition formerly known as Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) has been officially renamed Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD). This change, driven by a[…]

A split image showing a prescription pill bottle with a red 'X' over it and loose pills on the left, and a cup of hot tea with a lemon slice, a thermometer, and tissues on the right, all on a wooden table.

Antibiotic Stewardship

During peak flu season, it is medically vital to distinguish between viral infections—such as influenza, the common cold, and COVID-19—and bacterial infections. Antibiotics are precision[…]